Graphium Codrus
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''Graphium codrus'' is a butterfly of the family
Papilionidae Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful Butterfly, butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includ ...
, that is found in the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
,
Celebes Sulawesi ( ), also known as Celebes ( ), is an island in Indonesia. One of the four Greater Sunda Islands, and the world's 11th-largest island, it is situated east of Borneo, west of the Maluku Islands, and south of Mindanao and the Sulu Archi ...
and
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, ''Islands of Destiny'', Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is an island country consisting of six major islands and over 1000 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, t ...
. File:Gcodrus.jpg, Museum specimen


Description

The body with white-grey hairs, the upperside of the head and thorax green. Upper surface of the wings silky black-green in the male somewhat paler and almost entirely without gloss in the female; forewing with a macular band extending from the apex to the middle of the hindmargin, which is often incomplete and is above green or yellow and scaleless, beneath green-white and scaled; hindwing elongate-triangular,with broad tail, the base and the abdominal margin to about the apex of the cell grey-white. The under surface blackish brown, distally to the hand of the forewing only with light and dark shadows, the hindwing, however, often with triangular costal patch as continuation of the band of the forewing; distinct submarginal spots are absent both above and beneath. Full-grown larva yellowish green, the 3 thoracic segments each with a pale red spine at either side, a similar pair of spines on the last segment, the stigmata blue, on segments 4, 11 and 12 a number of small blue dorsal spots (Kuhn). According to Wahnes the larva has in New Guinea a large brown dorsal spot, yellow-edged posteriorly, which extends from the 3rd to the 5th segment, and a smaller brown spot on the 11. segment.Pupa pale green, slightly bluish or yellowish, head obtuse, rounded, with only very feebly produced angles; thoracic horn sharply pointed, with brown tip, the lateral keel running out into the margin of the wings straight, the small lateral tubercle of the mesothorax pointed, without brown spot.


Biology

The food-plants are trees with large leaves divided into five lobes 'Hernandia'', ''Annona">Hernandia.html" ;"title="'Hernandia">'Hernandia'', ''Annona'', ''Uvaria'']. The butterfly has a very swift and straight flight; it mostly flies high in the air among the tops of trees, yet it often darts down with lightning speed to feed at flowers or rotten fruit (with which it can be baited); it is especially often seen at the sea-shore, where it is fond of drinking on damp sand.


Subspecies

Fifteen See Seitz op. cit. page 93 and Funet Funet


References

*Page M. G.P & Treadaway,C. G. 2003 ''Schmetterlinge der Erde'', ''Butterflies of the world'' Part XVII (17), Papilionidae IX Papilionidae of the Philippine Islands. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. *Racheli, Tommaso, 1979 New subspecies of ''Papilio'' and ''Graphium'' from the Solomon Islands, with observations on ''Graphium codrus'' (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). ''Zoologische Mededelingen'' 54 (15): 237–240, 1 plat
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*Vane-Wright, R. I., & R. de. Jong. 2003. The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna. Zoologische Verhandlingen 343: 1–26
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*
Codrus Codrus (; ; Greek: , ''Kódros'') was the last of the semi-mythical Kings of Athens (r. ca 1089– 1068 BC). He was an ancient exemplar of patriotism and self-sacrifice. He was succeeded by his son Medon, who it is claimed ruled not as king bu ...
Butterflies described in 1777 Lepidoptera of the Philippines Butterflies of Asia Butterflies of Oceania Taxa named by Pieter Cramer {{Papilionidae-stub